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  Plasma is the fourth state of matter, created using electricity and
gas flow.
Lighting Bolts, Florescent properties of light bulbs, and the Sun (as well as most
stars in the Universe) are common examples of Plasma.
Plasma allows for temperatures that exceed the surface
of the sun.
Plasma torches are used to apply extreme temperatures (>1000°C) to
the biogas. This cracks the tars and destroys harmful pollutants,
reforming and conditioning the gas for power generation equipment.
Biogas is the biological breakout of organic substance in the
absence of oxygen.
Plasma Gasification technology can be used to produce cleaner
energy.
Plasma Gasification is a solution that would significantly reduce
the emission of greenhouse gases; the emission of greenhouse gases
is the most discussed issue in society to date.
The World’s leading Nations met in Kyoto, Japan to discuss solutions
to the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, and their effect on the
environment and climate changes:
Source
The following table shows Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions from
1990 to 2007, and their targeted level(s) as committed to, upon
the international agreement under the Kyoto Protocol.
Plasma Gasification technology would synthesize energy fueled by
coal, the most common fossil fuel found on earth, and/or household
garbage or waste, otherwise known as “feedstock”.
Coal is a non-renewable source of energy, meaning just as other
fossil fuels, its supply will diminish in less than one hundred
years, according to estimates:
http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/society/fossilfuels.htm
Over 85% of the World’s energy needs are met by the combustion of
fossil fuels; 97% of fossil fuel reserves are coal.
The emission of harmful gases associated with the combustion of
fossil fuel to harness energy is very high.
The industrialized nations who committed themselves to the Kyoto
Protocol will invest a great deal of money into renewable energy
solutions.
One environmentally conscious solution, and the most effective, is
Plasma Gasification.
Waste to energy facilities dispose of garbage and wastes by
burning them to produce energy. The process emits a large amount
of toxic gas and pollutes the environment.
The ecological footprint that waste to energy facilities and
landfills have made is appalling.
  In Ontario, Canada, landfills are reaching maximum capacity, even
with a third of waste being shipped south to the United States.
The United States is closing its border to Ontario’s shipment of
garbage or waste to their landfills:
Source
Ultimately, the government will be forced to step in and fund
alternative waste disposal activities, such as Plasma
Gasification, an environmentally conscious process of harnessing
electricity, which leaves behind a very small ecological
footprint.
Globally, there is a movement away from landfills and towards
thermal treatment of waste because of environmental and pubic
health concerns, land scarcity near waste sources and energy
demand growth.
A
solution to one or more of these issues is vital for quality of
human life. As the UN deems it, these issues threaten human health
with epidemic diseases, climate changes (which set off many undesirable
factors) with global warming, the destruction of natural habitats
(linked to global warming), as well as the footprint that
landfills, for instance, leave on the environment.
In essence, Plasma Gasification is the recycling of waste that
yields high energy that can be converted into electricity. It is a
solution to an ongoing global concern.
Canada
ranks 7th in the world for electricity production and is one of
the top energy consumers per capita. Power production is
approximately 590 terawatt-hours (TWh), with installed Green Power
of only 3.5%.
Ontario is the
most energy intensive region in Canada. About 37% of Ontario’s
electricity is supplied by nuclear power, 21% by coal-fired
plants, 16% by oil and natural gas plants and 26% by renewable
sources, primarily hydroelectric.
Within the next
20 years, nearly 80% of the province’s existing generating
capacity will need to be replaced because of population and
economic growth, nuclear facilities nearing the end of their
service lives, and the need to eliminate environmentally harmful
coal-fired generation.
In Ontario the
highest level of government are reevaluating their “green-energy”
approach with initiatives such as the Green Energy Act:
http://www.greenenergyact.ca/
Document link
The direct
benefits of movements such as the “Green Energy Act” are power
purchase agreements originating from the government. Essentially
they will become major consumers and yield a great amount of money
towards projects such as that which Wireless Age is heading for.
Power Purchase
agreements between the government and the company mean two things:
long-term revenue, just as the press release stated, and secured
contracts (the government cannot back out these types of
contracts).
The
cost of a Plasma Gasification plant is comparable and can be
cheaper than an incineration plant.
http://www.futurenrg.net/level1.php?level1=11&main_id=3
A comparison of Incineration to Plasma Gasification follows:
| |
Incineration |
Plasma |
| Energy Recovery |
20% |
40% |
| VOCs (dioxins, furans) |
YES |
NO |
| CO2 emissions |
1.7kg / kWh |
Down to 0.2 kg / kWh |
| Visual Impact |
Large Installation |
Compact units |
| Ultimate residue |
Large flue gas treatment, fly ashes |
Less flue gas per ton of waste = <1% of input |
In recap the
key environmental benefits to Plasma Gasification:
-
Reducing the burden on landfills by processing and converting
waste to Renewable Energy.
-
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from landfill emitted gases such
as CH4 (methane) and CO2.
-
Reducing fossil fuel consumption by generation of Renewable Energy
from waste.
For a better understanding of the technology involving Plasma
Gasification, its use, efficiency, and solution to worldwide as
well as domestic issues, please view the following videos:
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